The framework was developed based on function areas where (detached) house fires start, expert opinion and recommendations derived from the published literature on residential fire safety.
The purpose of this study is to propose a multi-criteria decision-making framework to evaluate fire risk of detached house designs in the United Arab Emirates and countries of similar cultural background. This issue is rarely addressed in the literature. House fire risk would be minimised if fire safety principles were incorporated at the design stage. The obtained results proved that satisfactory solutions were obtained. In order to validate the performance of the developed model, a real-life construction project was tested. Genetic algorithms are used as an optimization bed for the developed model. In this paper, an optimization model has been developed for solving the site layout planning problem considering safety and environmental issues and actual distance between facilities. On the other hand, heuristic methods have been used to produce good but not optimal solutions for large problems. Artificial intelligent techniques have been used practically to handle real-life problems. Mathematical optimization procedures have been developed to produce optimal solutions, but they are only applicable for small-size problems. The problem has been solved using two distinct approaches: Optimization techniques and heuristics methods. Although construction site layout planning is a critical process, systematical analysis of this problem is always difficult because of the existence of a vast number of trades and interrelated planning constraints. Site layout planning can be viewed as a complex optimization problem. Construction site layout planning involves identifying, sizing, and positioning temporary and permanent facilities within the boundary of the construction site. Site layout planning has significant impacts on productivity, costs, and duration of construction. A good site layout is vital to ensure the safety of the working environment and effective and efficient operations.
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